Misconception: Students think that both the IF and the ELSE cases of a conditional are executed every single time a conditional runs.

For example, here is a conditional in Python:
Students sometimes think that if x=1, the computer will print "This is fun." then continue to ELSE and print "I love CS."

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External Source

"Visual program simulation in introductory programming education" by Juha Sorva.

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Other Tips By Juha Sorva