Use graphics when possible to keep students engaged because text-only output can discourage students.
Encourage students to write clear, well-commented code by having students switch partners in the middle of a project.
When students are working on projects, especially open-ended ones, resist the urge to intervene. Don’t do the job for them!
Walk students through the flow of information once you hit submit on a website to build fluency with web development.
Because high-school students are interested in driving, transportation is a great model for introducing class hierarchies and interfaces.
When learning in a playful context, students are less likely to be frustrated by difficulty or failure.
Have some students pretend to be robots while other students program them to complete simple tasks to practice debugging and to emphasize the importance of coding precisely.
Use examples that have nothing to do with computers to introduce new CS concepts in an accessible way.
To avoid frustrating students, give them definitions of common terms and ways of fixing common error messages in advance.
Encourage students to work hard and carefully by choosing exemplary or illustrative student work to review and revise with the whole class.